Showing posts with label professor K.Anbalagan. Show all posts
Showing posts with label professor K.Anbalagan. Show all posts

Sunday, September 9, 2018

Dravidian history, and we thank The Hindu dated January 12 of 2011


DRAVIDIANS ARE NOT SON’S OF SOIL :

JUDGES SPIT VENOM



A criminal appeal No 11 of 2011 arising out of Special Leave petition No 10367 of 2010 in Kailas and others versus State of Maharashtra TR.Taluka P.S came up before Supreme Court Bench comprising Justice Markandey Kutju and Justice Gyan Sudha Mishra on 5 th January 2011. It relates to one Nandha Bhai, aged 25 of Bhil scheduled tribe of Maharashtra who was beaten, kicked, stripped and paraded naked in village road over an illicit relationship with an upper-caste man. Four people were sentenced to rigorous imprisonment of six months, one year and three months in three instances and to pay a fine in each by Additional Sessions Judge, Ahamadnagar under various provisions of Indian Penal Code and under the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes[ Prevention of Atrocities Act] 1989.But in High Court they were let off from the hook of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes [ Prevention of Atrocities Act] 1989 but confirmed conviction under Indian Penal Code to enable them to pay fine of Rs 5000 each to the victim. This matter came up for appeal in Supreme Court before the bench of Learned Judges, who instead of limiting their judgment over legal issues had become historians to declare that India is largely a country of immigrants. The Hindu in its center page quotes these overnight historians and proclaims “A Supreme Court Judgment projects the historical thesis that India is largely a country of old immigrants and that pre-Dravidian aborigines, ancestors of present Adivasis, rather than Dravidians were the original inhabitants of India. Dravidian movement that rules Tamilnadu must debate this in the Legislative Assembly and pass resolution condemning the unnecessary attack uncalled for to denigrate the Dravidian history. At least scholars should have ventured to criticize this part of the judgment. If this goes unchallenged the Aryans would exploit this as gospel.

“Hindu law was not uniform for all Hindus and as such codification was the only solution and necessity as it aimed at consolidation of Hindu society” felt Dr.B.R.Ambedkar. He strongly felt that the present Hindu law was inconsistent with the provisions of the article 15 of Constitution that birth shall not discriminate any citizen on ground of birth. Hence his futile attempt to introduce the Hindu Code Bill which was opposed by Rajendra Prasad. Speaking in clause by clause discussion in Parliament Ambedkar said “The fact is that in this country although religions have changed the law has remained one. As early as 1930 the Privy Council in its judgment had lain down that Sikhs were governed by Hindu Law. The application of the code to Sikhs, Buddhists and Jains was a historical development to which they could not give any answer. They could only change the law to make it equitable whenever it went wrong. Dr.Ambedkar would not agree to exclude Punjab from the purview of the Bill. “I would have the Code apply to whole of India or not at all “he thundered. Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru informed Ambedkar that there is opposition both inside and outside to the bill, and the Cabinet would discuss the matter in beginning of September 1951. Dr.Ambedkar was keen to pilot the bill before 1952 General Elections. After passing 4 clauses of the Bill further consideration of the Bill was dropped. So after 4 years I month and 26 days in Cabinet, Dr.B.R.Ambedkar submitted his resignation as Law Minister on 27th September of 1951. If Ambedkar’s vision of a Uniform Code had been realized different Courts interpreting laws in different manner and sympathizing with offenders of the modesty of a woman would not have have happened.

Point 1 : “ While North America [ USA and Canada] has new immigrants who came mainly from Europe over the last four or five centuries, India is a country of old immigrants in which people have been coming in over last ten thousand years or so. Probably 92 percent of the people living in India today are descendents of immigrants who came mainly from the North-West and to a lesser extent from North-East. Since this is a point of great importance for the understanding of our country, it is necessary to go into it in some detail, opines Justice Markandey Katju and Justice Gyan Sudha Mishra.

The learned judges have based their opinion on wrong foundations. They say of migrations over last ten thousand years without extending their vision of human migrations from times beyond that.

African origins: Genetic Studies by geneticists most prominent among them being Spencer Wells, author of Journey of Man claim to have uncovered evidence based on blood samples taken across the globe that all men who live today are descendents of a man who lived in Africa 60,000 years ago. How did he arrive at such a conclusion ?  “ We started mapping the family tree of entire planet taking blood samples from every part of the world. We worked backwards through elimination and matching and it was the strain of Sangene that was most common across the planet. During the worst period of Ice Age 60,000 years ago when the worlds moisture was locked in giant glaciers causing intense draught in Africa the first batch of Africans moved out. www.bradshawfoundation.com website displays pictorial explanation of human migration from Africa.


This theory says whole world migrated from Africa, and the claim by learned judges that India had aborigines before migrations took place stands demolished.

Gene markers from Trans-Pacific Nations : A genetic-anthropological study by University of Madras jointly with Madurai Kamaraj University aims at identifying genetic polymorphisms among select populations to explain biological and cultural aspects of ancient human migration and establish the antecedents of communities in South India, the second continent to be populated by man next to Africa.


Homo Floresiensis : Nature magazine in 2004 reported that on a tropical island between Asia and Australia a race of people with three and half foot height lived, and these new human species were named Homo-Floresiensis. Nicholas Wade in his report states: The little floresians lived on the island until at least 13,000 years ago, but they were not pygmy form of modern humans. They were a downsized version of homo-erectus the eastern cousin of Neanderthals of Europe who disappeared 33,000 thousand years ago. Their discovery means that archaic humans who left Africa 1.5 million years earlier than modern people survived for longer into recent times than was previously thought. The Indonesian island of Flores is isolated and before modern times was inhabited by a select group of animals that managed to reach it. These then became subject to unusual evolutionary forces that propelled some to giant size and reduced the size of others. The carnivorous lizards that reached Flores, perhaps on natural rafts became giant sized and still survive although now they are confined mostly to the nearby island of Komodo- they are called Komodo dragons. Elephants because of their buoyancy are surprisingly good swimmers and those that reached Flores evolved to dwarfs from the size of ox. Previous excavations by M.J.Morewood a member of the team that found little Floresians showed that homo erectus arrived on Flores about 8,40,000 years ago as was evident from crude stone tools. Presumably the descendents of the homo erectus became subject to the same evolutionary forces that reduced the size of elephants. The first little Floresian, an adult female was found in September 2003 buried under the 20 feet of silt that coats the floor of Liang Bua Cave in Flores. A team of experts identified the skeleton which was not fossilized as a very small but otherwise normal individual similar to homo erectus, reports New York Times drawing substance from Nature magazine.

Neanderthals and Homo erectus disappeared just before modern humans arrived, and now findings point out to homo-floresiensis. Who is the immigrant who is not the immigrant, how can learned judges debate and decide, when evolutionary history is still shrouded in mystery. This makes us think why they chose to grant immigrant status to Dravidians ?  It is not a hidden secret.

The book Hidden History of Human Race pushes back the horizons of our amnesia not just 12,000 or 20,000 years , but millions of years into the past and showing everything we have been taught to believe about the origins of evolution of our species rests on the shaky foundation of academic opinion and on a highly selective sampling of research results. Cremo and Thompson, the two authors of this book then set about putting the record straight by showing all other research  results that have been edited out of record during the past two centuries not because there was anything wrong or bogus about the results themselves but simply because they did not fit with prevailing academic opinion. Anomalous and out of place discoveries reported by Cremo and Thompson in the Hidden history of Human Race include convincing evidence that anatomically modern humans may have been present on the Earth not just for 1,00,000 years or less [the orthodox view] but for millions of years and that metal objects of advance design may have been in use at equally early periods. Moreover although sensational claims have been made before about out of place artifacts, they have never been supported by such overwhelming and utterly convincing documentation as Cremo and Thompson, writes Graham Hancock in his preface.


So on a question of human evolution when accepted theories are shaken by new discoveries, when human spread due to continental drift had yet to be explained beyond an iota of doubt, learned judges want to restrict historical enquiry to 10,000 years only and confer immigrant status on Dravidians in order to hide the 1500 year old immigrants, so called Aryans.

If all continents had once been a super continent of Pangaea, all of us should be immigrants. If Pangaea  split into two super continents, we should be immigrants from Gondwanaland. This Tamil literature speaks as submerged continent of Kumari and in locating that continent confusing theories existed. Now it is crystal clear that submerged lands extend up to Pacific Ocean and gene markers establish the continuity from South India to Australia and Pacific ocean islands.


Point 2 : Learned Judges who learnt law , raised an unnecessary, irrelevant question to the case they were dealing with, and examined who were the original inhabitants of India ? as if it is vested upon them to deliver their judgment. “ At one time it was believed that the Dravidians were the original inhabitants. However this view has been considerably modified subsequently and now the generally accepted belief is that the original inhabitants of India were the pre-dravidian aborigines , that is ancestors of the present tribals or adivasis [ scheduled tribes].

“Blood samples from three South Indian populations , the Piranmalai Kallars, Yadhavas and Saurastrians all of whom live in Madurai, the Azhagiri land, have showed up genetic markers identical to those found in 10 percent of Malaysians, 15 percent of New Guineans, and 60 percent of Australian aborigines evidence which had not been obtained by archaeology so far” says Professor R.M.Pitchaiappan Head of the Department of Immunology , School of Biological Sciences. Madurai Kamaraj University. These blood samples were collected from hill, coastal and plain based communities like Piranmalai Kallars,Yadhavas, Saurastrians, Moolakurumbas, Kurumbas, Irulas, Paniyas, Kotas, Thodas, Kanikars, and Paravars.  What has come as a surprise is nearly 50 percent of a 30,000 year old gene marker among Piranmalai Kallars. The Yadhavas and Saurastrians possessed a 10,000 year old gene marker. So instead of trying to look for immigrants from North West, wherefrom Aryans came, the learned judges must look for immigration from Pacific and Indian Ocean lands of submergence. The gene markers of South Indian Dravidian people proves to be 30,000 year old and disproves the theory propounded by learned judges that they are immigrants and not aborigines.

Now let us quote from passages of  renowned scholars, which speak Dravidians migrated to Australia .
Elkin [1938] : The available evidence points to Southern India as their [ Australian aboriginals] hiving off ground.
Lockwood [ 1963] All Australian aborigines are supposed to be descended from Dravidians who migrated about 15000 years [ later research has pushed back this date to beyond 40,000 years ago from India and Ceylon.

 Aboriginal Australians have been in that continent for more than 40,000 years and though proto-australian language brought by them into Australia millennia ago has now diversified into more than 200 languages scholars like R.M.W.Dixon [ The languages of Australia , Cambridge University Press, 1980] agree that all of them still retain features of their original genetic unity. Dixon points out that as regards of affinity of Proto-Australian with other language families of the world only the Dravidian suggestion deserves to be taken seriously.
P.Ramanathan in his research paper raises a pertinent question to which learned judges have to blink without proper reply. “ When the Australian aborigines entered Australian continent more than 40,000 years ago the sea level was 400 to 600 feet lower than now. The continental shelf now lying submerged under the sea was then part of the land mass and land areas of all continents were larger, Australia, New Guinea and Tasmania were all comprised in one big continent. Only a few miles of sea would have separated Timor from that big continent. It is considered the ancestors of all Australian aborigines entered Australia by catamarans and other mode from Timor and Indonesian islands after crossing the narrow sea in few hours. Once they entered Australia it is thought that they were able to spread throughout Australia and Tasmania within about 500 years as established by the archaeological records. By 15000 B.C sea level rose about 200 feet. It further rose and reached present levels by 6000 B.C. Thus Australia had been a separate island continent for about 8000 years whose inhabitants i.e aboriginals have had no contact with the peoples of anyother continent since then. This was the position till Europeans discovered the continent in 18th century.”

“ If as assumed under the model of Dravidian Descent”  the proto-Dravidians had left the near-east by 3000 B.C, and reached Tamilnadu by 1000 B.C how could there be such remarkable genetic similarities between Tamil on the one hand and the Australian aboriginal languages on the other hand spoken by people who were cut off from rest of mankind for 8000 years ? ”asks P.Ramanathan.

So Dravidians migrated towards East, they are not immigrants from East. If scholars establish that even Australian aboriginals have descended from Dravidians, how come learned judges adopt a policy to show Indian aboriginals as not belonging to Dravidian family. May be the Aryan mind is disturbed over the fact they are immigrants and wants to thrust that status on Dravidians and find sadistic satisfaction. I could see neither logic nor legal compulsion in judges choosing to interpret Indian history in a case which has no relevance to this question.

Dravida Peravai condemns this portion of their judgment wherein they have tried to heap insult to Dravidian history, and we thank The Hindu dated January 12 of 2011 for having brought this fact to light, for whatever reasons, and provoked the Dravidian spirit.

N.Nandhivarman
General Secretary Dravida Peravai


Friday, September 7, 2018

1963 in RAJYA SABHA : ONLY IN 1967 AFTER ANNA BECAME CHIEF MINISTER MADRAS STATE BECAME TAMILNADU


ARINGNAR ANNA ON TAMIL NADU

[Dravida Pervai happily reproduces the debate that took place in Rajya Sabha in May 1963. DMK Founder Aringnar Anna ultimately changed the name of Madras State as Tamil Nadu and fulfilled the centuries old desire of the Tamil Nation on his becoming the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu in 1967. In 1963 he spoke in Parliament on the question of renaming Tamil Nadu. You can find out the arguments advanced for and against and also note who opposed the renaming in order to understand the forces that played for and against Tamil nationalism]

ANNA SPEAKS :
Mr. Vice Chairman, I am rarely in full agreement with my friend Mr.Bhupesh Gupta, but today I rise to support him whole-heartedly, fully and sincerely. The only weakness of the Bill is that it is a non-official one. I would have liked an official Bill to be brought forward for this very necessary and very simple thing that would have satisfied millions of Tamilians in Tamil Nadu. Many arguments that were advanced against the Bill brought forward are perhaps more due to the colour of the mover rather than the arguments advanced for its support. One Honorable Member was saying that he was not moving a Bill, which the Madras State has asked him to move. I regret very much that sometimes it becomes necessary to explain some rudimentary principles. The Madras Government will never ask a non-official Bill to be brought forward on its behalf. If the state government wants the Bill to be brought forward, there are the state representatives in this Assembly and they would have brought it forward, and therefore, to say that the Bill cannot be supported just because the Madras Government has not asked Mr.Gupta to bring the Bill shows that their only argument to fight against the Bill is that their party or their State Government has not instructed them to act in this way. I can well understand the political tremor in their hearts, but that is no argument against this Bill. The arguments advanced by the sponsors of the Bill for renaming Madras as Tamil Nadu have not been answered by any one of the speakers who spoke about it.

Sheel Badra Yajee: I have answered it.

Anna: I cannot understand- I very rarely understand- your language and, therefore, I do not know whether there is logic or not but I would say that some of the arguments advanced were not proper. One Honorable Member was saying that there are Telugu knowing people in Tamil Nadu, Malayalam and Kanarese speaking people and, therefore, to name Madras as Tamil Nadu will create a sort of tremor in their hearts. May I inform this House, through you, Sir, that all these arguments were advanced and shattered in my part of the country. All these arguments did not stand the onslaught of reason and logic. For the sake of informing this House I may inform you Sir, that on 24 th February 1961 the Leader of the House in the state assembly stood up to say that he was accepting part of the non official resolution brought forward not by the DMK or any other political party which is considered to be inimical to Congress, but by a PSP [Praja Socialist Party]Member. That PSP member brought forward a non official resolution for renaming Madras as Tamil Nadu and it was discussed many days and finally the then Finance Minister and the Leader of the House Mr.C.Subramaniam, stood up to say that he was accepting a part or the spirit of the resolution and added that thereafter all publications of the Madras government would appear in the name of Tamil Nadu Government. It is in such a way that all publications in Tamil in the Tamil Nadu government are being printed and published. As a matter of fact, after making the historic declaration on the floor of the Madras assembly on 24 th February, the very next day the Finance Minister had to present his budget and in presenting the budget, the opening words of the Finance Minister were: “ In consonance with the declaration made yesterday, I am now presenting to budget for Tamil Nadu.” Therefore all the arguments that Telugu speaking, the Malayalam speaking, and the Kanarese speaking people will be up against this change in name fall to ground because part of this has been accepted by the Government. The part relating to the amendment of Constitution, the word Madras to be deleted and the word Tamil Nadu to be inserted was not accepted.

Therefore, even the Government much less by the Madras Congress leaders cannot accommodate the sentimental arguments advanced. Sir, I am really surprised to see how ill informed my Hon. friends are, those who advanced arguments against the Bill. One Hon. Member stated here that Kollegal is in Tamil Nadu. That Hon. Member unfortunately not present in the House at present. I may tell them and his friends may tell him, that Kollegal today is part of Mysore. It has been taken away from the composite State of Madras and after the formation of linguistic states, has gone to Mysore. If my Hon. friend is so ill informed about Kollegal, I am not surprised at his arguments that nowhere in Tamil literature does the word Tamil Nadu occur. A politician who cannot understand that Kollegal does not form part of Tamil Nadu cannot be expected to be conversant with Tamil literature. For the edification of the House and for his own edification, I will point out the names of certain books wherein the word Tamil Nadu is to be found. These are books written 1800 or 2000 years ago. I am reading the name in Tamil but the Hon. Member who made this allegation is a Tamilian Congressman and he can understand and the Hon. Deputy Minister who will be making the reply. She being also a Tamilian may tell him. The names of Paripaadal, Pathitrupathu and more popular names of Silapathigaram and Manimegalai. These are all Tamil classics written more than 1000 years ago and in Paripaadal it is stated “ Thandamizh veli Thamizh Naatu agamellam” which means Tamil Nadu that is surrounded by sweet Tamil on all three sides. In Pathitrupathu, a classic written about 1800 years it is stated “ Imizh kadal veli Thamizhagam” meaning Tamil Nadu which has got sea as boundary. In Silapathigaram it is stated “ Then Thamizh nannadu” meaning good Tamil Nadu and in Manimegalai it is stated“Sambutheevinul Tamizhaga marungil “ Tamil Nadu which is called Sambutheevu. If my Hon. Members would like to have more popular illustrations I would like to refer them to the poems of Poet Kamban and Sekkilar both of whom have definitely used the word Tamil Nadu. It was only afterwards that there were three kingdoms, the Cheranadu, The Cholanadu and the Pandyanadu. Tamil Nadu is to be found in the classics of Tamil. It is not that there is poverty of ideas in the classics. It only shows that my Hon. friend does not spend much thought or time over the Tamil classics. I may point out for the edification of this House that when the Congress government in Tamil Nadu purchased the Jaipur Palace at Ooty known as Aranmore Palace they immediately renamed the Palace as Thamizhagam. I am pointing this out to say that the Congress there is trying to assuage our feelings, is trying to carry Tamil Nadu people along with them by saying they have renamed the Aranmore Palace as Thamizhagam, that they are publishing all the Tamil manifestos as Tamil Nadu Government publications, that only for international correspondence they want the name “Madras”. They are not prepared to amend the Constitution. If the arguments advanced by some of the Tamil Nadu Congress people were to be read by the Chief Minister of Madras, he would turn around and say “ You too Brutus”. All the arguments advanced for not renaming it falls flat on the ground because even the Congress Government there does not approve of these arguments.

Another particular issue was raised here that the Bill is being brought forward only as a publicity stunt of the Communist party. Why don’t we appreciate the Communist Party for its sense of political expediency? Are not all political parties interested in getting political publicity? Is publicity a heinous crime? Why do you publish reports and books on Five-year plans? Is that not publicity done at public cost? Yet you accuse other political parties saying that this is publicity. But let me tell this House through you, that even though you defeat the Bill, he has gained that publicity. You are not going to rob him anymore of that publicity. When he comes to Tamil Nadu he can conveniently face Tamilians and say, “ I pleaded for you but it is the ruling party that let you down.” Therefore you have unawares walked into Mr.Gupta’s snare. I would have appreciated if the ruling party had approached Mr.Bhupesh Gupta and stated, “ Do not bring in this non-official Bill, we ourselves are interested in it, we will bring it forward.”

Then Mr.Santhanam pointed out that we have an uphill task in retaining Madras, we had to fight with so many people and we retained Madras. I can claim some amount of credit in that fight and when I was in the thick of that fight, I did not find Mr.Santhanam by my side.

Akbar Ali Khan: At the cost of Andhra

Anna: With the consent of the Andhras, I can say that. That is because the present government there is providing even today, in the border areas, measures for safeguarding Telugu culture and for imparting Telugu language. Therefore though Madras has been taken by Tamilians, we have no enmity with the Andhras. But my friend Santhanam was saying that it was such an uphill task, retaining Madras that we would like to keep Madras. This is not a question of keeping Madras or giving it up. This is the question of keeping Madras in Tamilnadu and renaming the state as Tamil Nadu. Madras, after all is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, as Ahamadabad happens to be the capital city of Gujarat, as Chandigrah happens to be the capital city of Punjab. If this logic of naming the state after the name of capital city is to be followed, Kerala should be renamed Trivandrum, Andhra is to renamed Hyderabad, Punjab is to be renamed Chandigarh and Gujarat to be renamed Ahamadabad.

Bhubesh Gupta: And Bengal should be renamed Calcutta.

Anna: My government, my Congress government in Madras is interested in bilingualism. That is because its head Government is interested to have two names for everything, India that is Bharat, Jana gana mana and Vandhe Madaram. They always want to keep two blocks. Take something from here, take something from there. So the Madras government is having Tamil Nadu for the consumption of Tamilians and Madras for all India consumption. It is a very awkward word “ duplicity”. And that is why my friend Mr.Bhupesh Gupta was saying that some of the congress people talk in one way there and talk in another way here. No Congress can face a Tamilian audience and say that the name Madras should be retained. I challenge it.

T.S.Pattabhiraman {Madras}: We have faced it during the agitation of Tamil arasu Kazhagam and my friend knows it. What he is saying is complete travesty of facts.

Anna: I know how Pattabhiraman faces agitation. I wont say it. Let us not face each other as Congress and DMK. Let us face the Tamilian public on this single sanctified issue of renaming the state and if you carry along with you 51 percent of the people I am prepared to bow my head before you. This is not a party issue at all. The renaming of Madras as Tamil Nadu has been accepted by the Communist Party, by the DMK, by the PSP and you will be surprised, by the Madras branch of Swatantra Party too. Therefore all parties are one in this issue of renaming Madras as Tamil Nadu.

T.S.Pattabhiraman: None of them put it in their election manifesto.

Anna: I would present a copy of the DMK election manifesto to him tomorrow. I am sure Pattabhiraman knows Tamil. This issue has been an issue for more than 10 to 15 years. He was saying that only Tamil Arasu Kazhagam was fighting for it. It is true partially because it was only the Tamil arasu Kazhagam that started an agitation for it, but all other political parties were immensely intimately interested in this issue. They have printed it in their manifestos, in their political speeches and no District Conference of DMK took place without passing this resolution of renaming Madras as Tamil Nadu. Therefore it is not simply on the spur of the moment that I am pleading for it. My sorrow is that my friend Mr.Bhupesh Gupta had stolen the thunder from me by sponsoring this Bill. But for that, I would like to present before this House that this has been an issue all along in Tamil Nadu. And they have not answered Mr.Bhupesh Gupta; What do you loose by renaming Madras as Tamil Nadu? Nobody has answered that.

N.M.Lingam [Madras] Anyway what do you gain by renaming it as Tamil Nadu?

Anna: What do I gain? What have you gained by renaming Parliament as Lok Sabha? What have you gained by renaming Council of States as Rajya Sabha? What have you gained by renaming President as Rastrapathi? Therefore I say what do you loose? This is important because if you were to loose something precious, we would not press for it. If you do not loose something fundamental, we will press for it. The other point was raised, what do you gain? We gain satisfaction sentimentally; we gain satisfaction that an ancient name is inculcated in the hearts of millions and scores of millions of people. Is that not enough compensation for the small trouble of changing the name? Therefore all the arguments that have been advanced have been shattered.

They have advanced an apologetic argument saying that if the State government had come forward with this, we would have accepted this. And they are perfectly aware of the composition of the State legislature where the Congress party is in a majority. Would you ask the Congress member in Madras State legislature to vote for such a bill if it were to come there, without party whip? No

T.S.Pattabhiraman: Your party members could have brought forward a resolution in the House and changed the name. Why have you not done it for past seven or eight years?

Anna: I am coming to that. When we present such a bill to the Madras legislature, they say that if you want to rename, an amendment to the constitution is necessary and an amendment of the Constitution is possible only when you go to Parliament.

T.S.Pattabhiraman: I am saying a resolution, not a Bill. A resolution can be made.

Anna: I may say for the information of the Hon. Member that we pressed this point during the discussion on the non-official Bill of PSP. In fact we even staged a walk out. The DMK and Communist party joined together in the walk out. That is our numerical position there. When the non-official resolution was discussed in the Madras assembly we pressed for the constitutional amendment and the only explanation offered to us was that it was only possible at the level of Parliament. And when we come to Parliament we are asked to go back to the state legislature. We are asked to go to Parliament because you are entrenched in both places not because your logic is sound but simply because you are entrenched in both places.

G.Rajagopalan [Madras] We are entrenched because the people vote for us. It has been discussed even during elections. There had been fasts by certain members and one person even lost his life after fasting. Even after that we won elections. That shows the people still want as it is- not for the satisfaction of some politicians who want a slogan.

Anna: Madam Deputy Chairman, I am very glad that the discussion is becoming very interesting. But I may say for the information of the House that DMK has nothing to do with fasting. The fasting was undertaken by a non-party man, in fact a relative of the Chief minister of Madras Mr.Sankaralinga [Nadar}. And to say that in spite of fasting you have not changed shows how human you are. Therefore the question was discussed there. We were asked to go to Parliament. When we come to Parliament we are again sent back to legislature. In both places the answer is as my Hon. friend had stated, “ The people had voted for us”. Well that is a fact, a tragic fact, and a black fact that ought to be seen.

G.Rajagopalan: In spite of you tragedy is still there

T.S.Pattabhiraman: He says tragedy will be permanent. The tragedy of Congress getting a majority at every election will be a permanent feature and we are prepared to accommodate you.

Anna: Madam Deputy Chairman my friend was saying that this tragedy is going to be permanent. Woe to the country and to the people. That is all what I can say. But I would like to press this point that a Constitution amendment can be thought of and made only through Parliament. That is why we have approached The Parliament. If any amendment is brought forward on this or any suggestion is given that it should be circulated to gather public opinion, we take up that challenge. I do not ask you to take this as an election issue. Do not be afraid of that.

[Interruptions]

We are not making it an election issue. This is an issue to be taken to the people for getting their consent or otherwise. That is not going to affect your offices. Nobody thinks about that. You may remain there. This is not a question of analysis of our different parties. This is a question wherein a particular issue has to be referred to the public. Are you prepared for that? That is what we ask. You are not prepared for that and that is why I say

N.M.Anwar [Madras] Madam on a point of information I have got the highest respect and regard for my good friend Mr.annadurai. But will he kindly explain what there is in retaining the name Madras that has got such worldwide publicity? How is he going to meet that point of view? Where is the difficulty in retaining this worldwide name of Madras?

[Interruptions]

Anna: The only point in answer to the Hon. member Mr.anwar is this. What we gain is our sentimental satisfaction and status of our ancient land. If in Madras we change the name of China Bazaar into Nethaji Subhas Chandra Road nothing is changed in the street but something is changed in our thinking, in our soul, in our fibre. That is why we are pressing for it. not because we think that keeping Madras will be wrong.

N.M.Anwar: My question is not that. We agree that there is something good in calling it Tamil Nadu. But what is your allergy to Madras, which has got a worldwide publicity.

Anna: My allergy is if Madras is used as name of the state, you confuse the capital with the state. Madras is the name of the capital city. Tamil Nadu is the name that ought to be given to the state. There ought to be a distinction between the name of the state and its capital, and therefore, I whole-heartedly support the Bill brought forward and I would commend it to the House.


Friday, August 31, 2018

M.K.STALIN SHOULD LEGALLY FIGHT TO SHIFT THE ASSEMBLY AND FOR STATE AUTONOMY



JUSTICE RAJAMANNAR COMMITTEE REPORT ON CENTRE-STATE RELATIONS TABLED IN TAMILNADU ASSEMBLY

The Rajamannar Committee on Centre-State Relations, set up by the Tamil Nadu Government on May 27, 1971 recommended the constitution of a high-power commission to redistribute powers between the Centre and the states. The committee also suggested immediate formation of an inter-state council as provided for under Article 263 of the Constitution; abolition of the Planning Commission as at present constituted and its replacement by a wholly new one to be created with a statutory basis under a Parliamentary enactment and free from control by the Central executive; widening of the states to include the corporation capital value of assets in the divisible pool; repeal of the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act of 1951, with a new Act providing for control by the Centre of only industries of national or all-India character, and conferment of industrial licensing powers on the states.

The committee, headed by a former Chief Justice of Madras, Dr P.V. Rajamannar, was set up by the state government in September, 1969, to examine the entire question regarding the relationship that should subsist between the Centre and the states in a federal set-up and to suggest amendments to the Constitution to secure to the states the utmost autonomy. The three-member committee consisted of, besides Dr Rajamannar, the former Vice-Chancellor of Madras University, Dr A Lakshmanaswamy Mundoar, and a former Chief Justice of Andhra, Dr P. Chandra Reddy.The Committee submitted its report in 1971. 

The report comprises of 21 Chapters, as follows:1. Introduction11. Territory of the State2. Federal Set Up12. Representation of States in Parliament3. Administrative relations13. Language4. Legislative Field14. Trade and Commerce5. Financial Relations15. Public Order6. Central Planning and Planning Commission16. Machinery for Conducting Elections to State Legislatures7. Judiciary17. Inter-State Water Disputes8. Governor18. Sea-bed under Territorial Waters9. Emergency Provisions19. Union Executives10. Jammu and Kashmir20. Amendment of the Constitution21. Summary of RecommendationsThe committee’s recommendations, most of which were obviously drastic and far-reaching, stemmed from its conviction that though the Constitution set up a federal system, there were admittedly several provisions that were clearly inconsistent with the principles of federation. There were unitary trends and in the allocation of powers there was a strong bias in favour of the Centre. In an ideal federation the national and state governments existed on a basis of equality and neither had the power to make inroads on the definite authority and functions of the other unilaterally — whereas in India the national government was vested with powers on certain occasions to invade the legislative and executive domains of the states.

The committee summed up that “there is a theme of subordination of the State running right through the Constitution.”Quite apart from some provisions of the Constitution conferring special powers on the Centre, factors like one-party rule, both at the Centre and in the states, inadequacy of the states’ own fiscal resources and consequent dependence on the Centre for financial assistance and the institution of Central planning and the role of the Planning Commission had, in the committee’s view, contributed to the “perpetuation and growth” of unitary trends.Inter-state council proposed: Following this line of argument, the committee asked for the “omission” of Articles 256, 257 and 339 (2), which empower the Central executive to issue directions to the state governments — or, alternatively, to ensure that no direction under any of these Articles is issued except in consultation with “and with the approval of” the inter-state council.The committee said that the inter-state council should be composed of the Chief Ministers of states or their nominees, “all States having equal representation,” with the Prime Minister as the chairman; and no other Minister of the Central Cabinet should be a member of the council. Every Bill of national importance and likely to affect the interests of one or more states should be placed before Parliament at the time of introduction of the Bill. Also it “should be definitely provided” that before the Central government takes any decision of national importance or affecting one or more states, the council would be consulted. Exceptions may be made “probably” in regard to subjects like defence and foreign relations, but even in such matters the Central government’s decision should be placed before the council without delay.

Financial relations: The committee’s recommendations on financial relations between the Centre and the states — “and these are the most important part of our report,’ according to Dr Rajamannar — were designed “to secure for the States a larger devolution of taxes than at present so that in actual practice the need for grants-in-aid under Article 275 either disappears or is minimised.”The committee sought to widen the base of devolution of resources to the states by adding corporation tax, customs and export duties and the tax on the capital value of assets in the divisible pool. Even in regard to the grants by the Centre to the states, the committee wanted an independent and impartial body such as the Finance Commission to be in charge of the distribution.To ensure real autonomy for the states and what the committee’s chairman described as ideal federalism, the committee also suggested the transfer of a number of items not only from the Concurrent to the State List in the Seventh Schedule but also from the Central to the State List.






Sunday, December 28, 2014

1967 மார்ச் 25 அன்று புதுவை மண்ணில் என்றன் முதற்கூட்டம்

என் ஆருயிர் நண்பர்களில் ஒருவரான வழக்கறிஞர் சி,பி,திருநாவுக்கரசு ,முன்னாள் மாநிலங்கள் அவை உறுப்பினர், ஐம்பதாண்டுகள் வழக்கறிஞர் ஆகப் பணி புரிந்துள்ளதை நினைவு கூறும் மலருக்கு கட்டுரை நான் தர வேண்டும். பழைய நாட்குறிப்புகளை புரட்டினேன். 1967 மார்ச் 25 அன்று புதுவை மண்ணில் என்றன் முதற்கூட்டம் , ஒதியஞ்சாலை திடலில் திரு.கே.என்.இராமச்சந்திரன் எம்.எ, எம்.எல்.எ அவர்களுடன் நானும் பேசினேன். என்றன் கல்லூரி இலச்சினை தமிழில் அமைய வேண்டும் என அவரிடம் எடுத்துரைத்தேன், அவர் பல்கலைகழக செனட் உறுப்பினர் என்பதால். புதுவை தென் பகுதி எம்.ஜி.ஆர் மன்றம் ஏற்பாடு செய்திருந்த கூட்டம் இது. பெருந்திரளான மக்கள் கூட்டத்திடையே பேசுகையில் இந்தக் காட்சி கண்டு என் தெவ்வர் குழாம் எவ்வளவு தூரம் என்னுடன் மாறுபட்டமைக்கு கலுழும் என எண்ணிப் பார்த்தேன். புலவர் அறி.தென்னகன் அவர்கள் பாராட்டினார். வெற்றி பெற்ற பிறகு பேசுவது சற்று கடினமாகத்தான் உள்ளது. என்ற போதிலும் கையொலி பெறாமல் மேடையினின்று இறங்கா வண்ணம் சமாளிக்க முடிகிறது. தூய்மை மிக்க கொள்களைகளே எடுத்துக் கூறும் போது மட்டும் என்னுள் உந்தித் தள்ளும் அவாவனது மிகச் சிறப்பாக பேசச் செய்கிறது என்னுளம் கொள்கை மீது கொண்ட பிடிப்பால் என்று நாட்குறிப்பு பதிவு.
இதே கூட்டமே நண்பர் சி.பி.திருநாவுக்கரசுக்கும் புதுவை மண்ணில் முதல் கூட்டம்..

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